In recent years the space-time coding (STC) method is becoming a new research direction in wireless communication fields. It is a kind of channel coding technology, which based multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems. It increases not only greatly the capacity of wireless communication systems, which provide diversity gain and coding gain for the wireless transmission, but it is also able to provide the bandwidth efficiency, which is faster than the traditional single antenna systems.Therefore, this technique is intended to provide new solutions to the problem of limited bandwidth and applications based on this technology will be used in the future of wireless communication systems for high speed data transmission.Now the main three kinds of STC have been proposed as layered space-time coding (LSTC), space-time trellis coding (STTC) and space-time block coding (STBC). Thereinto, STBC has obvious superiority on performance and its encoding and decoding are relatively simple.
